西施简介,西施的简介资料是什么？

西施，本名施夷光，越国美女，一般称其为西施，后人尊称其“西子“。春秋末期出生于越国苎萝村（今浙江省诸暨市苎萝村）[1] ，自幼随母浣纱江边，故又称“浣纱女”。她天生丽质、秀媚出众，是美的化身和代名词。 “闭月羞花之貌，沉鱼落雁之容”中的“沉鱼”，讲的是“西施浣纱”的经典传说。西施与王昭君、貂蝉、杨玉环并称为“中国古代四大美女”，其中西施居首。四大美女享有“闭月羞花之貌，沉鱼落雁之容”之美誉。 西施，春秋末期农历六月廿四日（阳历7月19日）出生于越国诸暨苎萝村，苎萝有东西二村，夷光居西村，故名西施。施姓后裔生活在浣纱溪畔。其父卖柴，母浣纱，西施亦常浣纱于溪，故又称浣纱溪。[2] 在当年西施浣纱之处诸暨，系一大方石，古朴苍褐，上镌“浣纱”二字。为东晋大书法家王羲之手笔。南北朝刘宋孔灵符《会稽记》云：诸暨苎萝山，有西浣纱石。 《舆地志》、《十道志》、《嘉泰会稽志》亦载：“勾践索美女以献吴王，得诸暨苎萝山卖薪女，曰西施。山下有西施浣纱石”。 历代文人学士喜作歌骊之行，唐代诗人李白《送祝八之江东赋得浣纱石》云：“西施越溪女，明艳光云海……未入吴王宫殿时，浣纱古石今犹在。”

Xi Shi (西施, Pinyin: Xī Shī, c. 506 BC – ?) was one of the renowned Four Beauties of ancient China. She was said to have lived during the end of Spring and Autumn Period in Zhuji, the capital of the ancient State of Yue.

Xi Shi's beauty was said to be so extreme that while leaning over a balcony to look at the fish in the pond, the fish would be so dazzled that they forgot to swim and gradually sunk away from the surface, birds would forget to fly and fall from the sky, the moon would fade, and flowers would close their petals in shame in comparison to her. (Thus the idiom 沉鱼落雁, 闭月羞花 which is used to compliment someone's beauty.)

King Goujian of Yue, king of Yue, was once imprisoned after a defeat in a war by King Fuchai of Wu, king of the State of Wu. The state of Yue later became a tribulatory to Wu. Secretly planning his revenge, Goujian's minister Wen Zhong suggested training beautiful women and offering them to Fuchai as a tribute. His other minister, Fan Li, found Xi Shi and Zheng Dan, and gifted them to Fuchai in 490 BC.

Bewitched by the beauty of Xi Shi and Zheng Dan, Fuchai forgot all about his state affairs and on their instigation, killed his best advisor, the great general Wu Zixu. Fuchai even built Guanwa Palace (Palace of Beautiful Women) in an imperial park on the slope of Lingyan Hill, about 15 kilometers west of Suzhou. The strength of Wu dwindled, and in 473 BC Goujian launched his strike and put the Wu army to full rout. King Fuchai lamented that he should have listened to Wu Zixu, and then committed suicide.

In one disputed account of her fate, it was written that Goujian ordered Xi Shi to be drowned by being thrown into a lake, to avoid being tempted by her as Fuchai was.

In legends, after the fall of Wu, Fan Li retired from his minister post and lived with Xi Shi on a fishing boat, roaming like fairies in the misty wilderness of Tai Ho Lake, and no one has seen them ever since.

She is remembered by the Xi Shi Temple, which lies at the foot of the Zhu Lou Hill in the southern part of the city, on the banks of the Huansha River.

The West Lake in Hangzhou is said to be the incarnation of Xi Shi, hence it is also called Xizi Lake, Xizi being another name for Xi Shi, meaning Lady Xi.

There is another well-known figure of unknown origin, probably fictional and parodical, named Dong Shi (东施). The "Dong" in her name means "east" contrasting to Xi Shi's "Xi", which means "west". Apart from her name, she is said to be the exact opposite of Xi Shi in being extremely ugly and, in modern depictions, fat. This in turn has created the saying "Dong Shi imitates a frown" (Xi Shi, being a sickly girl, often had chest pains; it was said that her beauty was most marvellous when she was wincing from the pain), meaning to attempt imitating another work only to show up one's own weaknesses.

A tongue twister that works best in Mandarin references XiShi: 西施死时四十四，四十四时西施死。(XīShī sǐ shí sì shí sì, sì shí sì shí XīShī sǐ.) It means Xishi dies at (the age of) forty-four, at (age) forty-four Xishi dies.

生平
苏州木渎古镇西施桥浙江苎萝山下有两个村子，分为东西两村。村中的人大多数姓施，施夷光住在西村，所以大家称其西施。 西施经常与夥伴们在江边浣纱。当时的越王勾践为了报复吴王夫差，便想献上美女郑旦等人迷惑夫差，其中就有西施。

许多百姓为了一睹西施的美貌，都涌到郊外的驿馆去迎候，以致路上塞满了人群。当时有一传闻，说负责招聘西施的越国大夫范蠡传令下去：要看美人的人，必须先交一文钱。於是在驿馆中设了一个钱柜收钱，那钱柜竟然顷刻而满。驿馆停留了三日，所得金钱无数，全部运回了越国以资助国家财政。

越王勾践命乐师教西施歌舞仪态，过了三年，让范蠡带著西施进献给吴王。范大夫见到吴王，跪拜著说：「东海贼臣勾践，感大王之恩德，遍搜境内，得善歌舞者，以供洒扫之役。」 可是伍子胥进言：「臣闻：夏亡以妺喜，殷亡以妲己，周亡以褒姒。夫美女者，亡国之物也，王不可受。」

吴王不听其劝谏，马上把西施收了下来，并在姑苏台建造春宵宫，在灵岩山上建造馆娃宫，还修筑大水池，以供西施嬉戏游玩。夫差对西施宠爱至极，出入都是效仿王妃的派头和排场，夫差自从有了西施以后，就不再理会朝政[来源请求]，使勾践有足够的时间修养生息，消灭吴国。

西施的结局有两种说法：

一说是吴灭了以后，勾践夫人见到西施貌美，怕勾践看上她，且吴人认为西施是使得国破家亡的妖孽，於是就将她放进皮袋之中沉於江底。后来在江中发现了一些蛤蜊，人家说那是西施的舌头，故此使得蛤蜊也有西施舌之称。
另一种说法是，西施与范蠡相恋，当吴国灭亡之后，范蠡不要越王的封赏，趁著夜色携西施悄然离去。从此避世太湖，逍遥余生。
至今，在浙江绍兴市诸暨市（旧称暨阳县），仍然有西施殿，越国古都城门等遗迹。

西湖亦称为西子湖。因北宋诗人苏东坡曾作七言绝句咏西湖：

水光潋艳晴方好，山色空蒙雨亦奇。
若把西湖比西子，浓妆淡抹总相宜。

西施，一作先施，又称西子，姓施名夷光，春秋末期越国人。世居诸暨苎萝山（亦名罗山）下苎萝村（今诸暨市城南浣纱村）。苎萝有东西二村，夷光居西村，故名西施，父卖柴，母浣纱，西施亦常浣纱于溪，故又称浣纱女。西施天生丽质，禀赋绝伦，相传连皱眉抚胸的病态，亦为邻女所仿，致有“东施效颦”的典故。越王勾践三年（前494），越败于吴，勾践入吴为质。释归后，幻践针对“吴王淫而好色”的弱点，“得诸暨罗山卖薪女西施、郑旦”，先送越都会稽上城山调教，饰以罗娑，教以容步，学习歌舞和宫廷礼仪，进献吴国。吴王夫差大喜，筑姑苏台，建馆娃宫，置西施、郑旦于椒房，夫差朝拥夕陪，沉溺其中不能自拔，而宠嬖西施尤甚，吴亡后，相传西施随范蠡驾扁舟，泛五湖，不知所终。
在两施由越入吴的路线上，南自诸暨，北迄苏州，所在均有西施遗迹。诸暨苎萝山麓、浣纱江畔尚存浣纱石、浣纱亭、西施滩、西施坊等古迹